BlasteIn cell biology, a precursor cell, also called a blast cell or simply blast, is a partially differentiated cell, usually referred to as a unipotent cell that has lost most of its stem cell properties. A precursor cell is also known as a progenitor cell but progenitor cells are multipotent. Precursor cells are known as the intermediate cell before they become differentiated after being a stem cell. Usually, a precursor cell is a stem cell with the capacity to differentiate into only one cell type.
Homeobox protein NANOGHomeobox protein NANOG (hNanog) is a transcriptional factor that helps embryonic stem cells (ESCs) maintain pluripotency by suppressing cell determination factors. hNanog is encoded in humans by the NANOG gene. Several types of cancer are associated with NANOG. The name NANOG derives from Tír na nÓg (Irish for "Land of the Young"), a name given to the Celtic Otherworld in Irish and Scottish mythology. The human hNanog protein coded by the NANOG gene, consists of 305 amino acids and possesses 3 functional domains: the N-terminal domain, the C- terminal domain, and the conserved homeodomain motif.
Capacité évolutiveLa capacité évolutive correspond au stockage puis relargage d'une variation génétique, de façon analogue aux condensateurs électriques qui stockent et libèrent une charge. Les systèmes biologiques (organismes, populations, tissus, organes...) sont robustes face aux mutations. Cela signifie que ces systèmes accumulent de la variation génétique sans que celle-ci ait un effet sur le phénotype. Mais lorsque le système est perturbé (sous l'effet du stress par exemple), cette robustesse se détériore, et la variation entraîne des effets sur le phénotype et subit en totalité la force de la sélection naturelle.
