Complexe d'espècesthumb|Un champignon du genre Stereum, près de Mörfelden-Walldorf, Hesse (Allemagne). Dans le complexe d'espèces Stereum hirsutum–Stereum ostrea, seul un examen microscopique permet de déterminer quel individu appartient à quelle espèce.En biologie, un complexe d'espèces est un groupe d'organismes étroitement apparentés qui sont si semblables en apparence que les limites entre eux (permettant de les distinguer les uns des autres) sont souvent peu évidentes.
Sequence analysisIn bioinformatics, sequence analysis is the process of subjecting a DNA, RNA or peptide sequence to any of a wide range of analytical methods to understand its features, function, structure, or evolution. Methodologies used include sequence alignment, searches against biological databases, and others. Since the development of methods of high-throughput production of gene and protein sequences, the rate of addition of new sequences to the databases increased very rapidly.
Drosophila subobscuraDrosophila subobscura is a species of fruit fly in the family Drosophilidae. Originally found around the Mediterranean, it has spread to most of Europe and the Near East. It has been introduced into the west coasts of Canada, the United States, and Chile. Its closest relative is Drosophila madeirensis, found in the Madeira Islands, followed by D. guanche, found in the Canary Islands. These three species form the D. subobscura species subgroup.
Gene knockdownGene knockdown is an experimental technique by which the expression of one or more of an organism's genes is reduced. The reduction can occur either through genetic modification or by treatment with a reagent such as a short DNA or RNA oligonucleotide that has a sequence complementary to either gene or an mRNA transcript. If a DNA of an organism is genetically modified, the resulting organism is called a "knockdown organism.
