Computational economicsComputational Economics is an interdisciplinary research discipline that involves computer science, economics, and management science. This subject encompasses computational modeling of economic systems. Some of these areas are unique, while others established areas of economics by allowing robust data analytics and solutions of problems that would be arduous to research without computers and associated numerical methods.
Robert KochRobert Koch (en allemand : , à Clausthal, Royaume de Hanovre - à Baden-Baden, Empire allemand) est un médecin allemand connu pour sa découverte de la bactérie responsable de la tuberculose qui porte aujourd'hui son nom : « bacille de Koch ». Les travaux qu'il mène pour la découvrir lui valent le prix Nobel de physiologie ou médecine de 1905. C'est l'un des fondateurs de la bactériologie.
BiocrystallizationBiocrystallization is the formation of crystals from organic macromolecules by living organisms. This may be a stress response, a normal part of metabolism such as processes that dispose of waste compounds, or a pathology. Template mediated crystallization is qualitatively different from in vitro crystallization. Inhibitors of biocrystallization are of interest in drug design efforts against lithiasis and against pathogens that feed on blood, since many of these organisms use this process to safely dispose of heme.
MalnutritionLa malnutrition est un état physiopathologique résultant de l'influence combinée de la sur- ou sous-nutrition (déficience ou excès de calories ou d’un ou plusieurs nutriments) et d'autres facteurs (génétiques, inflammatoires...) sur la composition du corps et sur ses fonctions biologiques. Son origine peut être une quantité de nourriture inadaptée au besoin (apport calorique insuffisant ou excessif) ou l'ingestion d'aliments de mauvaise qualité (carences nutritionnelles ou excès de sucre, de protéines, de sel, de graisses.
Household air pollutionHousehold air pollution (HAP) is a significant form of indoor air pollution mostly relating to cooking and heating methods used in developing countries. Since much of the cooking is carried out with biomass fuel, in the form of wood, charcoal, dung, and crop residue, in indoor environments that lack proper ventilation, millions of people, primarily women and children face serious health risks. In total, about three billion people in developing countries are affected by this problem.
