Niveau d'énergieUn niveau d'énergie est une quantité utilisée pour décrire les systèmes en mécanique quantique et par extension dans la physique en général, sachant que, s'il y a bien quantification de l'énergie, à un niveau d'énergie donné correspond un « état du système » donné ; à moins que le niveau d'énergie soit dit « dégénéré ». La notion de niveau d'énergie a été proposée en 1913 par le physicien danois Niels Bohr.
Agent-based modelAn agent-based model (ABM) is a computational model for simulating the actions and interactions of autonomous agents (both individual or collective entities such as organizations or groups) in order to understand the behavior of a system and what governs its outcomes. It combines elements of game theory, complex systems, emergence, computational sociology, multi-agent systems, and evolutionary programming. Monte Carlo methods are used to understand the stochasticity of these models.
Escaped plantEscaped plants are cultivated plants, usually garden plants, that are not originally native to an area, and due to their dispersal strategies, have escaped from cultivation and have settled in the wild and bred there, whether intentionally or unintentionally. Escaped plants are purposefully introduced plants that have naturalized in the wild and can develop into invasive plants, the settlement of which is to be assessed as problematic. Other commonly used terms include escaped garden plant, garden escapee, escaped ornamental or garden refugee.
