Particulate inorganic carbonParticulate inorganic carbon (PIC) can be contrasted with dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), the other form of inorganic carbon found in the ocean. These distinctions are important in chemical oceanography. Particulate inorganic carbon is sometimes called suspended inorganic carbon. In operational terms, it is defined as the inorganic carbon in particulate form that is too large to pass through the filter used to separate dissolved inorganic carbon. Most PIC is calcium carbonate, CaCO3, particularly in the form of calcite, but also in the form of aragonite.
Modèle de circulation généraledroite|vignette|Modèle de circulation générale GEOS-5 (Goddard Earth Observing System Model) développé par la NASA. Un modèle de circulation générale (en anglais, general circulation model ou GCM) est un modèle climatique. Il s'appuie sur les équations de Navier-Stokes, appliquées à une sphère en rotation ainsi que sur des équations d'équilibre de la thermodynamique pour inclure les sources d'énergie (rayonnement, changement de phase). Ceci permet de simuler à la fois la circulation atmosphérique mais aussi la circulation océanique.
Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphereIn Earth's atmosphere, carbon dioxide is a trace gas that plays an integral part in the greenhouse effect, carbon cycle, photosynthesis and oceanic carbon cycle. It is one of several greenhouse gases in the atmosphere of Earth. The current global average concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is (0.04%) 421 ppm as of May 2022. This is an increase of 50% since the start of the Industrial Revolution, up from 280 ppm during the 10,000 years prior to the mid-18th century. The increase is due to human activity.
Solubility pumpIn oceanic biogeochemistry, the solubility pump is a physico-chemical process that transports carbon as dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from the ocean's surface to its interior. The solubility pump is driven by the coincidence of two processes in the ocean : The solubility of carbon dioxide is a strong inverse function of seawater temperature (i.e.