ESM-SnowMIP: assessing snow models and quantifying snow-related climate feedbacks
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Rough terrain in mid- and high latitudes is often covered with highly reflective snow, giving rise to a very complex transfer of incident sunlight. In order to simplify the radiative transfer in weather and climate models, snow is generally treated as an i ...
The cloud parameterizations of the LMDZ6A climate model (the atmospheric component of the IPSL-CM6 Earth system model) are entirely described, and the global cloud distribution and cloud radiative effects are evaluated against the CALIPSO-CloudSat and CERE ...
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Extreme cold environments such as the polar regions and high mountain areas are characterised by unknown precipitation quantities and a high variability of snow and ice masses. A key player in understanding the surface mass balance in these areas is drifti ...
In this study we investigate statistical link between external climate forcings and modes of ocean variability on inter-annual (3-year) to centennial (100-year) timescales using de-trended semi-partial-cross-correlation analysis technique. To investigate t ...
We present a new gridded climate reconstruction for Europe for the last 12,000 years based on pollen data. The reconstruction is an update of Davis et al. (2003) using the same methodology, but with a greatly expanded fossil and surface-sample dataset and ...
The vertical one-dimensional sea-ice thermodynamic problem using the principle of conservation of enthalpy is revisited here using (1) the Bitz and Lipscomb (1999) finite-difference approach (FD), (2) a reformulation of the sigma-level transformation of Hu ...
The effect of an increase in atmospheric aerosol concentrations on the distribution and radiative properties of Earth's clouds is the most uncertain component of the overall global radiative forcing from preindustrial time. General circulation models (GCMs ...
The atmospheric circulation is a key area of uncertainty in climate model simulations of future climate change, especially in mid-latitude regions such as Europe where atmospheric dynamics have a significant role in climate variability. It has been propose ...