SéroconversionIn immunology, seroconversion is the development of specific antibodies in the blood serum as a result of infection or immunization, including vaccination. During infection or immunization, antigens enter the blood, and the immune system begins to produce antibodies in response. Before seroconversion, the antigen itself may or may not be detectable, but the antibody is absent. During seroconversion, the antibody is present but not yet detectable.
InfectionAn infection is the invasion of tissues by pathogens, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agent and the toxins they produce. An infectious disease, also known as a transmissible disease or communicable disease, is an illness resulting from an infection. Infections can be caused by a wide range of pathogens, most prominently bacteria and viruses. Hosts can fight infections using their immune systems. Mammalian hosts react to infections with an innate response, often involving inflammation, followed by an adaptive response.
ExomeL'exome est la partie du génome d'un organisme eucaryote constituée par les exons, c'est-à-dire les parties des gènes qui sont exprimées pour synthétiser les produits fonctionnels sous forme de protéines. C'est la partie du génome la plus directement liée au phénotype de l'organisme, à ses qualités structurelles et fonctionnelles. L'exome d'un être humain est estimé à 1,2 % de son génome, ce qui montre l'importance de l'ADN non codant.
Acute fatty liver of pregnancyAcute fatty liver of pregnancy is a rare life-threatening complication of pregnancy that occurs in the third trimester or the immediate period after delivery. It is thought to be caused by a disordered metabolism of fatty acids by mitochondria in the fetus, caused by long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency. This leads to decreased metabolism of long chain fatty acids by the feto-placental unit, causing subsequent rise in hepatotoxic fatty acids in maternal plasma.
Virus d'Epstein-BarrLe virus d'Epstein-Barr (aussi appelé EBV) ou virus de l’herpès 4 (HHV-4) est un virus de la famille des Herpesviridae. Il fait partie de la sous-famille des . Le virus d'Epstein-Barr cause plusieurs maladies dont la mononucléose infectieuse et le lymphome de Burkitt. Le virus cible les lymphocytes B humains via leur récepteur CD21. La protéine qu'il produit lors de l'infection de ces cellules, peut recruter des facteurs de transcription (FT) humains et ainsi causer des maladies auto-immunes comme le lupus ou le diabète de type 1 mais aussi la sclérose en plaques.
Post-exposure prophylaxisPost-exposure prophylaxis, also known as post-exposure prevention (PEP), is any preventive medical treatment started after exposure to a pathogen in order to prevent the infection from occurring. In 2021, the FDA has approved bamlanivimab/etesevimab for post-exposure prophylaxis against COVID-19. PEP is commonly and very effectively used to prevent the onset of rabies after a bite by a suspected-rabid animal, since diagnostic tools are not available to detect rabies infection prior to the onset of the nearly always-fatal disease.
