Business method patentBusiness method patents are a class of patents which disclose and claim new methods of doing business. This includes new types of e-commerce, insurance, banking and tax compliance etc. Business method patents are a relatively new species of patent and there have been several reviews investigating the appropriateness of patenting business methods. Nonetheless, they have become important assets for both independent inventors and major corporations.
Sufficiency of disclosureSufficiency of disclosure or enablement is a patent law requirement that a patent application disclose a claimed invention in sufficient detail so that the person skilled in the art could carry out that claimed invention. The requirement is fundamental to patent law: a monopoly is granted for a given period of time in exchange for a disclosure to the public how to make or practice the invention. The disclosure requirement lies at the heart and origin of patent law.
Public participation in patent examinationThe involvement of the public in patent examination is used in some forms to help identifying relevant prior art and, more generally, to help assessing whether patent applications and inventions meet the requirements of patent law, such as novelty, inventive step or non-obviousness, and sufficiency of disclosure. The rationale for public participation in patent-application reviews is that knowledgeable persons in fields that are relevant to a particular patent application will provide useful information to patent examiners if the proper forum is provided.
Entrance examination (education)In education, an entrance examination or admission examination is an examination that educational institutions conduct to select prospective students. It may be held at any stage of education, from primary to tertiary, even though it is typically held at tertiary stage. In France, the Concours Général, taken in the last year of High School (Lycée), is considered to be particularly difficult with only 250 places in all subjects for 15,000 applicants.This is although not an examination because it is purely honorary and doesn't grant anything.
Test (évaluation)droite|vignette|280x280px|Etudiants qui passent leurs examens au Mahatma Gandhi Seva Ashram, Jaura, en Inde. droite|vignette|280x280px|Etudiants cambodgiens qui passe un examen en vue d'une demande pour l'école technique de Don Bosco de Sihanoukville en 2008. vignette|280x280px|Etudiants américains en classe d'ordinateurs fondamentale en train de faire une évaluation sur ordinateur. Une évaluation ou test (anglicisme) ou examen (informellement examination ou exam.
