DNA methylationDNA methylation is a biological process by which methyl groups are added to the DNA molecule. Methylation can change the activity of a DNA segment without changing the sequence. When located in a gene promoter, DNA methylation typically acts to repress gene transcription. In mammals, DNA methylation is essential for normal development and is associated with a number of key processes including genomic imprinting, X-chromosome inactivation, repression of transposable elements, aging, and carcinogenesis.
Structure des protéinesLa structure des protéines est la composition en acides aminés et la conformation en trois dimensions des protéines. Elle décrit la position relative des différents atomes qui composent une protéine donnée. Les protéines sont des macromolécules de la cellule, dont elles constituent la « boîte à outils », lui permettant de digérer sa nourriture, produire son énergie, de fabriquer ses constituants, de se déplacer, etc. Elles se composent d'un enchaînement linéaire d'acides aminés liés par des liaisons peptidiques.
PeptostreptococcusPeptostreptococcus is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive, non-spore forming bacteria. The cells are small, spherical, and can occur in short chains, in pairs or individually. They typically move using cilia. Peptostreptococcus are slow-growing bacteria with increasing resistance to antimicrobial drugs. Peptostreptococcus is a normal inhabitant of the healthy lower reproductive tract of women. Peptostreptococcus species are commensal organisms in humans, living predominantly in the mouth, skin, gastrointestinal, vagina and urinary tracts, and are members of the gut microbiota.
