Compound 18 Improves Glucose Tolerance in a Hepatocyte TGR5-dependent Manner in Mice
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Background & Aims: Liver diseases are caused by many factors, such as genetics, nutrition, and viruses. Therefore, it is important to delineate transcriptomic changes that occur in various liver diseases. Methods: We performed high-throughput sequencing of ...
The liver is the largest solid organ and the only one capable of using regenerative mechanisms to recover its mass fully. Although liver regeneration from acute injuries has been effective and extensively studied, chronic liver damage has adverse effects o ...
Background & Aims: Current therapies for the treatment of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) have proven largely ineffective. Patients relapse and the disease progresses even after liver transplantation. Altered epigenetic mechanisms are characteristic of ...
The natural compound Cyclo Histidine-Proline (CHP) was initially discovered in the brain, but thereafter evaluated in the context of diabetes because of its hypoglycemic action. The pharmacokinetics and the toxicological profile of CHP showed it can be dos ...
Nuclear receptors play pleiotropic roles in cell differentiation, development, proliferation, and metabolic processes to govern liver physiology and pathology. The nuclear receptor, liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1, NR5A2), originally identified in the live ...
Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is a protein deacetylase regulating beta-cell function through inhibiting oxidative stress in obese and diabetic mice, but the detailed mechanism and potential effect of beta-cell-specific SIRT3 on metabolic homeostasis, and its potential ...
Women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), a disorder characterised by raised serum bile acids, are at increased risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus and have impaired glucose tolerance whilst cholestatic. FXR and TGR5 are modulato ...
TGR5 (Gpbar1) is a G protein-coupled receptor responsive to bile acids (BAs), which is expressed in different non-parenchymal cells of the liver, including biliary epithelial cells, liver-resident macrophages, sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), and acti ...
Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with aging-mediated inflammatory responses, leading to metabolic deterioration, development of insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is an important mitokine generated in r ...
Pancreatic beta cells play a major role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis by secreting insulin in response to elevated blood glucose levels. A gradual deterioration of functional beta cell mass and the chronic elevation of blood glucose levels are c ...