Macula densaIn the kidney, the macula densa is an area of closely packed specialized cells lining the wall of the thick ascending limb of henle, where the distal tubule touches the glomerulus. The cells of the macula densa are sensitive to the concentration of sodium chloride in the thick ascending loop of henle.
Distal convoluted tubuleThe distal convoluted tubule (DCT) is a portion of kidney nephron between the loop of Henle and the collecting tubule. It is partly responsible for the regulation of potassium, sodium, calcium, and pH. On its apical surface (lumen side), cells of the DCT have a thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter and are permeable to Ca, via the TRPV5 channel. On the basolateral surface (peritubular capillary side) there is an ATP-dependent Na/K antiporter pump, a secondary active Na/Ca transporter, and an ATP dependent Ca transporter.
Folate deficiencyFolate deficiency, also known as vitamin B9 deficiency, is a low level of folate and derivatives in the body. Signs of folate deficiency are often subtle. A low number of red blood cells (anemia) is a late finding in folate deficiency and folate deficiency anemia is the term given for this medical condition. It is characterized by the appearance of large-sized, abnormal red blood cells (megaloblasts), which form when there are inadequate stores of folic acid within the body. Loss of appetite and weight loss can occur.
Linker (computing)In computing, a linker or link editor is a computer system program that takes one or more s (generated by a compiler or an assembler) and combines them into a single executable file, library file, or another "object" file. A simpler version that writes its output directly to memory is called the loader, though loading is typically considered a separate process. Computer programs typically are composed of several parts or modules; these parts/modules do not need to be contained within a single , and in such cases refer to each other by means of symbols as addresses into other modules, which are mapped into memory addresses when linked for execution.
Gp120La GP120 est une glycoprotéine exprimée par le VIH (virus responsable du syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise ou SIDA) La GP120 est une des protéines composant le virus communément appelé VIH ou virus de l'immunodéficience humaine (dont il existe deux types soit le 1 et le 2). C'est un rétrovirus d'environ 120nm de diamètre, relativement fragile, détruit par la chaleur à 60 °C et par les antiseptiques (alcool, eau de Javel...). Parasite obligatoire, il ne peut survivre plus de 5 à 6 heures hors d’une cellule.
AntimitotiqueA mitotic inhibitor is a drug that inhibits mitosis, or cell division. These drugs disrupt microtubules, which are structures that pull the chromosomes apart when a cell divides. Mitotic inhibitors are used in cancer treatment, because cancer cells are able to grow and eventually spread through the body (metastasize) through continuous mitotic division. Thus, cancer cells are more sensitive to inhibition of mitosis than normal cells.
Vitamine B9La vitamine B, autre nom de l'acide folique (folate, folacine ou vitamine M, acide pteroyl-L-glutamique, pteroyl-L-glutamate et acide pteroylmonoglutamique), est une vitamine hydrosoluble. L'acide folique est le précurseur métabolique d'une coenzyme, le tétrahydrofolate ( ou THF), impliquée notamment dans la synthèse des bases nucléiques, purines et pyrimidines, constituant les acides nucléiques (ADN et ARN) du matériel génétique. Le THF intervient également dans la synthèse d'acides aminés tels que la méthionine, l'histidine et la sérine.
Human genetic enhancementHuman genetic enhancement or human genetic engineering refers to human enhancement by means of a genetic modification. This could be done in order to cure diseases (gene therapy), prevent the possibility of getting a particular disease (similarly to vaccines), to improve athlete performance in sporting events (gene doping), or to change physical appearance, metabolism, and even improve physical capabilities and mental faculties such as memory and intelligence.
Leucémie aiguë lymphoblastiqueLa leucémie aiguë lymphoblastique (LAL) est un type de cancer et de leucémie provoquée par la multiplication de lymphocytes défaillants dans la moelle osseuse appelés blastes. Elle affecte surtout les enfants et comme son nom « aiguë » l'indique, elle apparaît brutalement, avec seulement quelques jours ou semaines entre les premiers symptômes et le diagnostic, le traitement pouvant alors débuter dans les jours ou les heures qui suivent le diagnostic .
Dynamic linkerIn computing, a dynamic linker is the part of an operating system that loads and links the shared libraries needed by an executable when it is executed (at "run time"), by copying the content of libraries from persistent storage to RAM, filling jump tables and relocating pointers. The specific operating system and executable format determine how the dynamic linker functions and how it is implemented.
