Aging brainAging of the brain is a process of transformation of the brain in older age, including changes all individuals experience and those of illness (including unrecognised illness). Usually this refers to humans. Since life extension is only pertinent if accompanied by health span extension, and, more importantly, by preserving brain health and cognition, finding rejuvenating approaches that act simultaneously in peripheral tissues and in brain function is a key strategy for development of rejuvenating technology.
Corps vitréLe corps vitré (ou le vitré, l'humeur vitrée, ou le corps hyalin) est une substance transparente, gélatineuse qui remplit la cavité oculaire en arrière du cristallin. L'humeur vitrée est une masse gélatineuse transparente et sans couleur qui remplit l'espace situé entre le cristallin et la membrane de la rétine située sur la face postérieure de l’œil. Il est présent dès la naissance et ne se modifie pas avec l'âge, tout le long de la vie.
HypokinesiaHypokinesia is one of the classifications of movement disorders, and refers to decreased bodily movement. Hypokinesia is characterized by a partial or complete loss of muscle movement due to a disruption in the basal ganglia. Hypokinesia is a symptom of Parkinson's disease shown as muscle rigidity and an inability to produce movement. It is also associated with mental health disorders and prolonged inactivity due to illness, amongst other diseases.
Methanol toxicityMethanol toxicity (also methanol poisoning) is poisoning from methanol, characteristically via ingestion. Symptoms may include a decreased level of consciousness, poor or no coordination, vomiting, abdominal pain, and a specific smell on the breath. Decreased vision may start as early as twelve hours after exposure. Long-term outcomes may include blindness and kidney failure. Blindness may occur after drinking as little as 10 mL; death may occur after drinking quantities over 15 mL (median 100 mL, varies depending on body weight).
Human serum albuminHuman serum albumin is the serum albumin found in human blood. It is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma; it constitutes about half of serum protein. It is produced in the liver. It is soluble in water, and it is monomeric. Albumin transports hormones, fatty acids, and other compounds, buffers pH, and maintains oncotic pressure, among other functions. Albumin is synthesized in the liver as preproalbumin, which has an N-terminal peptide that is removed before the nascent protein is released from the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Tapetum lucidumLe tapetum lucidum (locution latine signifiant « tapis luisant »), également appelé en français « tapis clair », est une couche réfléchissante située au fond de l'œil, et qui peut plus précisément être localisée soit sur la choroïde, immédiatement à l'arrière de la rétine. Les tapis clairs situés sur la choroïde sont dits tapis choroïdiens, et on distingue les tapis choroïdiens cellulaires (tapetum cellulosum) et les tapis choroïdiens fibreux (tapetum fibrosum), selon que les éléments réfléchissants sont ou non de nature cellulaire.
Spasmodic torticollisSpasmodic torticollis is an extremely painful chronic neurological movement disorder causing the neck to involuntarily turn to the left, right, upwards, and/or downwards. The condition is also referred to as "cervical dystonia". Both agonist and antagonist muscles contract simultaneously during dystonic movement. Causes of the disorder are predominantly idiopathic. A small number of patients develop the disorder as a result of another disorder or disease. Most patients first experience symptoms midlife.
Slit lampIn ophthalmology and optometry, a slit lamp is an instrument consisting of a high-intensity light source that can be focused to shine a thin sheet of light into the eye. It is used in conjunction with a biomicroscope. The lamp facilitates an examination of the anterior segment and posterior segment of the human eye, which includes the eyelid, sclera, conjunctiva, iris, natural crystalline lens, and cornea. The binocular slit-lamp examination provides a stereoscopic magnified view of the eye structures in detail, enabling anatomical diagnoses to be made for a variety of eye conditions.
Negative relationshipIn statistics, there is a negative relationship or inverse relationship between two variables if higher values of one variable tend to be associated with lower values of the other. A negative relationship between two variables usually implies that the correlation between them is negative, or — what is in some contexts equivalent — that the slope in a corresponding graph is negative. A negative correlation between variables is also called anticorrelation or inverse correlation.
NeurotoxineUne neurotoxine est une toxine agissant sur le système nerveux, en bloquant ou modifiant l'activité de protéines membranaires présentes sur les cellules neuronales (neurones) telles que les canaux ioniques. Exemple de neurotoxines : la toxine botulique ; la tétrodotoxine, qui est une neurotoxine présente chez le poisson japonais fugu ; les conotoxines constituent une famille de peptides neurotoxiques extraits du venin des Conidae ; la dendrotoxine, neurotoxine présynaptique produite par le serpent mamba (Dendroaspis) ; la tétanospasmine, exotoxine produite par Clostridium tetani, la bactérie responsable du tétanos.
