Spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de FourierLa spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier ou spectroscopie IRTF (ou encore FTIR, de l'anglais Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy) est une technique utilisée pour obtenir le spectre d'absorption, d'émission, la photoconductivité ou la diffusion Raman dans l'infrarouge d'un échantillon solide, liquide ou gazeux. Un spectromètre FTIR permet de collecter simultanément les données spectrales sur un spectre large.
Nonlinear systemIn mathematics and science, a nonlinear system (or a non-linear system) is a system in which the change of the output is not proportional to the change of the input. Nonlinear problems are of interest to engineers, biologists, physicists, mathematicians, and many other scientists since most systems are inherently nonlinear in nature. Nonlinear dynamical systems, describing changes in variables over time, may appear chaotic, unpredictable, or counterintuitive, contrasting with much simpler linear systems.