Apprentissage ensemblisteIn statistics and machine learning, ensemble methods use multiple learning algorithms to obtain better predictive performance than could be obtained from any of the constituent learning algorithms alone. Unlike a statistical ensemble in statistical mechanics, which is usually infinite, a machine learning ensemble consists of only a concrete finite set of alternative models, but typically allows for much more flexible structure to exist among those alternatives.
Cache de processeurUn cache de processeur est une antémémoire matérielle utilisée par l'unité centrale de traitement (CPU) d'un ordinateur pour réduire le coût moyen (temps ou énergie) de l’accès aux données de la mémoire principale. Un cache de processeur est une mémoire plus petite et plus rapide, située au plus près d'une unité centrale de traitement (ou d'un cœur de microprocesseur), qui stocke des copies des données à partir d'emplacements de la mémoire principale qui sont fréquemment utilisés avant leurs transmissions aux registres du processeur.
History of computingThe history of computing is longer than the history of computing hardware and modern computing technology and includes the history of methods intended for pen and paper or for chalk and slate, with or without the aid of tables. Digital computing is intimately tied to the representation of numbers. But long before abstractions like the number arose, there were mathematical concepts to serve the purposes of civilization. These concepts are implicit in concrete practices such as: One-to-one correspondence, a rule to count how many items, e.
Directory-based cache coherenceIn computer engineering, directory-based cache coherence is a type of cache coherence mechanism, where directories are used to manage caches in place of bus snooping. Bus snooping methods scale poorly due to the use of broadcasting. These methods can be used to target both performance and scalability of directory systems. In the full bit vector format, for each possible cache line in memory, a bit is used to track whether every individual processor has that line stored in its cache.
