Presence of sub-inhibitory concentrations of quaternary ammonium compounds in water: effects on bacteria and their inactivation by ozone and monochloramine
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The susceptibility of waterborne viruses to disinfection is known to vary between viruses and even between closely related strains, yet the extent of this variation is not known. Here, different enteroviruses (six strains of coxsackievirus B5, two strains ...
A source-to-tap evaluation of the origin and fate of chloramination N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) precursors at 21 full-scale drinking water plants was conducted. Upstream wastewater discharges accounted for (on a median basis) similar to 16 ng L-1 NDMA fo ...
Safe water, sanitation, and hygiene provision and promotion are critical elements of emergency response to ensure human safety, health, and dignity. Disinfectants, such as chlorine, are widely used in emergency response to treat water for drinking. However ...
Water quality and bacterial infections are directly related to human health and wellbeing, thus waste water treatment is a necessary procedure for avoiding disturbances to ecosystems and for assuring human health. Furthermore, bacterial contamination in wa ...
Ozone is an effective disinfectant against all types of waterborne pathogens. However, accurate and quantitative kinetic data regarding virus inactivation by ozone is scarce, due to the experimental challenges associated with the high reactivity of ozone t ...
Ozonation is a water treatment process for disinfection and/or micropollutant abatement. However, ozonation of bromide-containing water leads to bromate (BrO3-) formation, a potential human carcinogen. A solution for mitigating BrO3- formation during abate ...
The emergence of waterborne viruses with resistance to disinfection has been demonstrated in the laboratory and in the environment. Yet, the implications of such resistance for virus control remain obscure. In this study we investigate if viruses with resi ...
Infectious diseases caused by waterborne viruses contribute to the global disease burden. An effective barrier to prevent the discharge of waterborne viruses is a disinfection step, yet disinfection is not always efficient at inactivating viruses. This the ...
Surface waters can contain a range of micropollutants from point sources, such as wastewater effluent, and diffuse sources, such as agriculture. Characterizing the source of micropollutants is important for reducing their burden and thus mitigating adverse ...
