BispinorIn physics, and specifically in quantum field theory, a bispinor is a mathematical construction that is used to describe some of the fundamental particles of nature, including quarks and electrons. It is a specific embodiment of a spinor, specifically constructed so that it is consistent with the requirements of special relativity. Bispinors transform in a certain "spinorial" fashion under the action of the Lorentz group, which describes the symmetries of Minkowski spacetime.
Mathematical formulation of the Standard ModelThis article describes the mathematics of the Standard Model of particle physics, a gauge quantum field theory containing the internal symmetries of the unitary product group SU(3) × SU(2) × U(1). The theory is commonly viewed as describing the fundamental set of particles – the leptons, quarks, gauge bosons and the Higgs boson. The Standard Model is renormalizable and mathematically self-consistent, however despite having huge and continued successes in providing experimental predictions it does leave some unexplained phenomena.
PositroniumLe positronium, noté Ps ou ee, est un système quasi stable constitué d'un positron et d'un électron formant ensemble un atome exotique. Son ensemble de niveaux d'énergie est similaire à celui de l'atome d'hydrogène, constitué d'un électron et d'un proton (voir hydrogénoïde). Cependant, à cause de sa masse considérablement réduite, les fréquences associées aux raies spectrales sont moins de la moitié de celles des raies correspondantes de l'hydrogène.
