Density currents driven by differential cooling in lakes: occurrence, dynamics and implications for littoral-pelagic exchange
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This chapter summarizes the knowledge on mixing and transport processes in Lake Kivu. Seasonal mixing, which varies in intensity from year to year, influences the top ∼65 m. Below, the lake is permanently stratified, with density increasing stepwise from ∼ ...
This chapter summarizes the knowledge on mixing and transport processes in Lake Kivu. Seasonal mixing, which varies in intensity from year to year, influences the top â¼65 m. Below, the lake is permanently stratified, with density increasing stepwise from ...
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The river inflow in a natural lake with important suspended sediment load during floods, can impact water quality by mobilizing dissolved matters like phosphorous from deep to surface waters. Generally due to thermal stratification in prealpine lakes, the ...
[1] Convection due to surface cooling has been investigated in the surface boundary layer of a small lake under near-ideal conditions undisturbed by wind, large-scale currents, and differential cooling. Successive temperature microstructure profiles reveal ...
Double-diffusive staircases with a total of 230-350 mixed layers and sharp interfaces were observed in nine microstructure temperature profiles measured during February 2004 in Lake Kivu. The presence of these staircases at depths. 120 m indicates that dia ...
Here we report on two field experiments from Lake Alpnach (surface area: 4.8 km(2); maximum depth: 34 m) that were designed to study the process of boundary mixing and to estimate its efficiency, the ratio between the turbulent kinetic energy converted int ...
In ice-covered lakes, penetrative radiation warms fluid beneath a diffusive boundary layer, thereby increasing its density and providing energy for convection in a diurnally active, deepening mixed layer. Shallow regions are differentially heated to warmer ...
Based on microstructure measurements in a simply shaped lake basin, the sources of vertical mixing in the stratified part of the water body were identified and estimates of their relative importance obtained by balancing turbulent kinetic energy introduced ...
[1] During the winters of 1998 and 1999, observations were made of the cascading of cold water from the nearshore, shallow "shelf'' zones and down the sloping sides of Lake Geneva. Cascading starts on the average 10 hours after the onset of surface cooling ...