Unidirectional penetration approach for characterizing sulfate attack mechanisms on cement mortars and pastes
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The combination of calcined kaolinitic clays and limestone in Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3) is a promising approach to reduce the cost and the CO2 emissions of cement production by reducing the clinker content of cement. This thesis investigates the ...
Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) are currently used to replace part of the clinker to reduce the environmental impact of cement and to favor the use of local materials. Two representative SCM have been used in this work: slag and fly ash. Each o ...
At the turn of the 19th century, the production and use of concrete were limited by the unavailability of raw materials to produce good cement in several places. From that time onwards, the progress of chemistry and a number of empirical discoveries opened ...
Supplementary materials that are utilized to replace ordinary Portland cement (OPC) decrease the workability of the cementitious mixtures and superplasticizers are usually added to cement to control their fluidity. In general, current superplasticizers are ...
The present paper introduces a new rapid, relevant and reliable (R-3) test to predict the pozzolanic activity of calcined clays with kaolinite contents ranging from 0 to 95%. The test is based on the correlation between the chemical reactivity of calcined ...
The performance of energy systems usually degrades gradually away from the best operation conditions during continuous operation. Since the components in an energy system are interconnected with each other, the performance degradation or anomalies occurrin ...
This dissertation originates from an investigation about the arising of the modern, German building expertise involving the use of concrete, which develops during the first three quarter of the 19th century against the backdrop of a general modernisation p ...
Additions of slag are usually considered to give cementitious materials which perform well in sulfate bearing environments. This paper compares the deterioration of slag cement blends to those of plain Portland cement and demonstrates that this occurs more ...
The mechanisms behind the expansion of samples immersed in solutions containing sulfate ions have been controversial. Expansion is believed to originate in the formation of ettringite, but it is not possible to find any direct correlation between these two ...
Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd2013
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The alkali-silica reaction causes long-term degradation in the microstructure of affected concrete as well as macroscopic expansion. In this paper, a micro-mechanical model based upon an explicit representation of the microstructure has been used to simula ...