Euclidean distanceIn mathematics, the Euclidean distance between two points in Euclidean space is the length of a line segment between the two points. It can be calculated from the Cartesian coordinates of the points using the Pythagorean theorem, therefore occasionally being called the Pythagorean distance. These names come from the ancient Greek mathematicians Euclid and Pythagoras, although Euclid did not represent distances as numbers, and the connection from the Pythagorean theorem to distance calculation was not made until the 18th century.
Fundamental analysisFundamental analysis, in accounting and finance, is the analysis of a business's financial statements (usually to analyze the business's assets, liabilities, and earnings); health; and competitors and markets. It also considers the overall state of the economy and factors including interest rates, production, earnings, employment, GDP, housing, manufacturing and management. There are two basic approaches that can be used: bottom up analysis and top down analysis.
Immigration250px|Solde migratoire en 2015 Inmigrantes europeos llegando a Argentina.jpg thumb|250px|Immigrants européens arrivant en Argentine par un paquebot des Messageries maritimes (v. 1880-1900). Limmigration désigne l'entrée, dans un pays ou une aire géographique donnée, de personnes étrangères qui y viennent pour un long séjour ou pour s'y installer. Le mot immigration vient du latin in-migrare qui signifie « entrer dans un lieu ». Elle correspond, vue du côté du pays de départ, à l'émigration.
Living wageA living wage is defined as the minimum income necessary for a worker to meet their basic needs. This is not the same as a subsistence wage, which refers to a biological minimum, or a solidarity wage, which refers to a minimum wage tracking labor productivity. Needs are defined to include food, housing, and other essential needs such as clothing. The goal of a living wage is to allow a worker to afford a basic but decent standard of living through employment without government subsidies.
Animal migration trackingAnimal migration tracking is used in wildlife biology, conservation biology, ecology, and wildlife management to study animals' behavior in the wild. One of the first techniques was bird banding, placing passive ID tags on birds legs, to identify the bird in a future catch-and-release. Radio tracking involves attaching a small radio transmitter to the animal and following the signal with a RDF receiver. Sophisticated modern techniques use satellites to track tagged animals, and GPS tags which keep a log of the animal's location.
Female infertilityFemale infertility refers to infertility in women. It affects an estimated 48 million women, with the highest prevalence of infertility affecting women in South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa/Middle East, and Central/Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Infertility is caused by many sources, including nutrition, diseases, and other malformations of the uterus. Infertility affects women from around the world, and the cultural and social stigma surrounding it varies.
Violence against menViolence against men is a term for violent acts that are disproportionately or exclusively committed against men or boys. Men are over-represented as both victims and perpetrators of violence. Studies of social attitudes show violence is perceived as more or less serious depending on the gender of victim and perpetrator. People are less likely to report a man hitting another man to the police than a man hitting a woman. Male law enforcement officers show a greater reluctance to file charges or reports when a man is the victim of domestic violence.
Interpersonal tiesIn social network analysis and mathematical sociology, interpersonal ties are defined as information-carrying connections between people. Interpersonal ties, generally, come in three varieties: strong, weak or absent. Weak social ties, it is argued, are responsible for the majority of the embeddedness and structure of social networks in society as well as the transmission of information through these networks. Specifically, more novel information flows to individuals through weak rather than strong ties.
Distance d'un point à un planvignette|upright=2|La distance du point A au plan P est AH. Cette distance est inférieure à AM et AM' Dans l'espace euclidien, la distance d'un point à un plan est la plus courte distance séparant ce point et un point du plan. Le théorème de Pythagore permet d'affirmer que la distance du point A au plan (P) correspond à la distance séparant A de son projeté orthogonal H sur le plan (P). Si l'espace est muni d'un repère orthonormal, les points peuvent être définis à l'aide de leurs coordonnées dites cartésiennes.
Immigration illégalethumb|right|300px|Un fort différentiel économique explique en partie l'immigration clandestine. Ici le mur de Nogales qui sépare à gauche les États-Unis et à droite le Mexique. L'immigration clandestine, l'immigration illégale, ou parfois immigration irrégulière est l'entrée illégale, illicite, ou discrète sur un territoire national d'étrangers n'ayant pas réalisé les formalités attendues.
