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Aqueous electrophilic reactions are broadly important in environmental chemistry, but the thermodynamic equilibrium constants, rate constants, and mechanisms describing these reactions are often difficult to determine by experiment. Here we report on our e ...
Revealing the emergence and the dynamics of collective excitations in complex matter is a subject of pivotal importance, as it provides insight into the strength and spatial distribution of interactions and correlations. At the same time, collectivity lies ...
Direct methods that transform the geometry of a structure and conserve its static equilibrium are of particular interest for designers. They allow the exploration of alternative solutions at minimum computational cost. While parallel transformations (stret ...
We theoretically demonstrate a mechanism for bright soliton generation in spinor non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensates made of atoms or quasi-particles such as polaritons in semiconductor microcavities. We give analytical expressions for bright (half) ...
Free energies play a central role in many descriptions of equilibrium and non-equilibrium properties of solids. Continuum partial differential equations (PDEs) of atomic transport, phase transformations and mechanics often rely on first and second derivati ...
We study peculiarities of Bose-Einstein condensation of photons that are in thermodynamic equilibrium with atoms of noninteracting gases. General equations of the thermodynamic equilibrium of the system under study are obtained. We examine solutions of the ...
A ring of N identical phase oscillators with interactions between L-nearest neighbors is considered, where L ranges from 1 (local coupling) to N/2 (global coupling). The coupling function is a simple sinusoid, as in the Kuramoto model, but with a minus sig ...
Tailoring solid surfaces attracts a number of technological and scientific interest with numerous applications. One method to modify a solid surface is via the formation of a molecular film. The adsorbed molecules assemble spontaneously (self assemble) for ...
The properties of the interface between solid and melt are key to solidification and melting, as the interfacial free energy introduces a kinetic barrier to phase transitions. This makes solidification happen below the melting temperature, in out-of-equili ...
Multi-objective optimisation (MOO) of super-structured process designs are expensive in CPU- time because of the high number of potential configurations and operation conditions to be calculated. Thus single process units are generally represented by simpl ...
