Régulateur linéaireEn électronique, un régulateur linéaire, est un régulateur de tension reposant sur un composant actif travaillant dans sa zone linéaire ou sur un composant passif, comme une diode Zener, travaillant dans sa zone inverse. La figure montre un exemple de régulateur à diode Zener (à proprement parler, il s'agit là plutôt d'un montage stabilisateur). La tension inverse de seuil, dite « tension Zener » (résultant de l'effet Zener) de la diode, permet de stabiliser la tension de sortie.
Electrolytic capacitorAn electrolytic capacitor is a polarized capacitor whose anode or positive plate is made of a metal that forms an insulating oxide layer through anodization. This oxide layer acts as the dielectric of the capacitor. A solid, liquid, or gel electrolyte covers the surface of this oxide layer, serving as the cathode or negative plate of the capacitor. Because of their very thin dielectric oxide layer and enlarged anode surface, electrolytic capacitors have a much higher capacitance-voltage (CV) product per unit volume than ceramic capacitors or film capacitors, and so can have large capacitance values.
Tantalum capacitorA tantalum electrolytic capacitor is an electrolytic capacitor, a passive component of electronic circuits. It consists of a pellet of porous tantalum metal as an anode, covered by an insulating oxide layer that forms the dielectric, surrounded by liquid or solid electrolyte as a cathode. Because of its very thin and relatively high permittivity dielectric layer, the tantalum capacitor distinguishes itself from other conventional and electrolytic capacitors in having high capacitance per volume (high volumetric efficiency) and lower weight.
Aluminum electrolytic capacitorAluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized electrolytic capacitors whose anode electrode (+) is made of a pure aluminum foil with an etched surface. The aluminum forms a very thin insulating layer of aluminum oxide by anodization that acts as the dielectric of the capacitor. A non-solid electrolyte covers the rough surface of the oxide layer, serving in principle as the second electrode (cathode) (-) of the capacitor. A second aluminum foil called “cathode foil” contacts the electrolyte and serves as the electrical connection to the negative terminal of the capacitor.
Démarreur (électricité)A motor soft starter is a device used with AC electrical motors to temporarily reduce the load and torque in the powertrain and electric current surge of the motor during start-up. This reduces the mechanical stress on the motor and shaft, as well as the electrodynamic stresses on the attached power cables and electrical distribution network, extending the lifespan of the system. It can consist of mechanical or electrical devices, or a combination of both.
Induction generatorAn induction generator or asynchronous generator is a type of alternating current (AC) electrical generator that uses the principles of induction motors to produce electric power. Induction generators operate by mechanically turning their rotors faster than synchronous speed. A regular AC induction motor usually can be used as a generator, without any internal modifications. Because they can recover energy with relatively simple controls, induction generators are useful in applications such as mini hydro power plants, wind turbines, or in reducing high-pressure gas streams to lower pressure.
Polymer capacitorA polymer capacitor, or more accurately a polymer electrolytic capacitor, is an electrolytic capacitor (e-cap) with a solid conductive polymer electrolyte. There are four different types: Polymer tantalum electrolytic capacitor (Polymer Ta-e-cap) Polymer aluminium electrolytic capacitor (Polymer Al-e-cap) Hybrid polymer capacitor (Hybrid polymer Al-e-cap) Polymer niobium electrolytic capacitors Polymer Ta-e-caps are available in rectangular surface-mounted device (SMD) chip style.
Moteur sans balaisUn moteur sans balais, ou « moteur brushless », ou machine synchrone auto-pilotée à aimants permanents, est une machine électrique de la catégorie des machines synchrones, dont le rotor est constitué d'un ou de plusieurs aimants permanents et pourvu d'origine d'un capteur de position rotorique : capteur à effet Hall, synchro-résolver, codeur rotatif (par exemple codeur incrémental), ou tout autre système permettant l'auto-pilotage de la machine. Vu de l'extérieur, il fonctionne en courant continu.
Puissance électriquevignette|L'énergie électrique est transmise par des lignes aériennes comme celles-ci, mais aussi par des câbles souterrains à haute tension. La puissance électrique est le taux, par unité de temps, auquel l'énergie électrique est transférée par un circuit électrique. Selon le Système international d'unités, l'unité de mesure de cette puissance est le watt, symbole W, soit l'équivalent de la puissance necessaire pour transférer uniformément un joule d'énergie pendant une seconde.
AC powerIn an electric circuit, instantaneous power is the time rate of flow of energy past a given point of the circuit. In alternating current circuits, energy storage elements such as inductors and capacitors may result in periodic reversals of the direction of energy flow. Its SI unit is the watt. The portion of instantaneous power that, averaged over a complete cycle of the AC waveform, results in net transfer of energy in one direction is known as instantaneous active power, and its time average is known as active power or real power.
