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Non Blocking Atomic Commitment with an Unreliable Failure Detector
Concepts associés (23)
Two-phase commit protocol
In transaction processing, databases, and computer networking, the two-phase commit protocol (2PC, tupac) is a type of atomic commitment protocol (ACP). It is a distributed algorithm that coordinates all the processes that participate in a distributed atomic transaction on whether to commit or abort (roll back) the transaction. This protocol (a specialised type of consensus protocol) achieves its goal even in many cases of temporary system failure (involving either process, network node, communication, etc.
Commitment ordering
Commitment ordering (CO) is a class of interoperable serializability techniques in concurrency control of databases, transaction processing, and related applications. It allows optimistic (non-blocking) implementations. With the proliferation of multi-core processors, CO has also been increasingly utilized in concurrent programming, transactional memory, and software transactional memory (STM) to achieve serializability optimistically. CO is also the name of the resulting transaction schedule (history) property, defined in 1988 with the name dynamic atomicity.
Three-phase commit protocol
In computer networking and databases, the three-phase commit protocol (3PC) is a distributed algorithm which lets all nodes in a distributed system agree to commit a transaction. It is a more failure-resilient refinement of the two-phase commit protocol (2PC). A two-phase commit protocol cannot dependably recover from a failure of both the coordinator and a cohort member during the Commit phase. If only the coordinator had failed, and no cohort members had received a commit message, it could safely be inferred that no commit had happened.
Atomic commit
In the field of computer science, an atomic commit is an operation that applies a set of distinct changes as a single operation. If the changes are applied, then the atomic commit is said to have succeeded. If there is a failure before the atomic commit can be completed, then all of the changes completed in the atomic commit are reversed. This ensures that the system is always left in a consistent state. The other key property of isolation comes from their nature as atomic operations.
Two-phase locking
In databases and transaction processing, two-phase locking (2PL) is a concurrency control method that guarantees serializability. It is also the name of the resulting set of database transaction schedules (histories). The protocol uses locks, applied by a transaction to data, which may block (interpreted as signals to stop) other transactions from accessing the same data during the transaction's life. By the 2PL protocol, locks are applied and removed in two phases: Expanding phase: locks are acquired and no locks are released.
Dissuasion et prolifération nucléaires au XXIe siècle
La dissuasion et la prolifération nucléaires au sont une dimension clé des politiques de sécurité nationale des États qui possèdent l'arme nucléaire ou développent un programme nucléaire, et occupent une place centrale dans les négociations multilatérales relatives à la non-prolifération et au désarmement nucléaires qui sont conduites dans le cadre de l'ONU, de l'Agence internationale de l'énergie atomique, du traité sur la non-prolifération et des relations entre les grandes puissances.
Database transaction
A database transaction symbolizes a unit of work, performed within a database management system (or similar system) against a database, that is treated in a coherent and reliable way independent of other transactions. A transaction generally represents any change in a database. Transactions in a database environment have two main purposes: To provide reliable units of work that allow correct recovery from failures and keep a database consistent even in cases of system failure.
Commit (data management)
In computer science and data management, a commit is the making of a set of tentative changes permanent, marking the end of a transaction and providing Durability to ACID transactions. A commit is an act of committing. The record of commits is called the commit log. In terms of transactions, the opposite of commit is to discard the tentative changes of a transaction, a rollback. The transaction, commit and rollback concepts are key to the ACID property of databases.
Transaction informatique
En informatique, et particulièrement dans les bases de données, une transaction telle qu'une réservation, un achat ou un paiement est mise en œuvre via une suite d'opérations qui font passer la base de données d'un état A à un état B postérieur et des mécanismes permettent d'obtenir que cette suite soit à la fois atomique, cohérente, isolée et durable (ACID). atomique : la suite d'opérations est indivisible, en cas d'échec en cours d'une des opérations, la suite d'opérations doit être complètement annulée (rollback) quel que soit le nombre d'opérations déjà réussies.
Pile de protocoles
Une pile de protocoles est une mise en œuvre particulière d'un ensemble de protocoles de communication réseau. L'intitulé « pile » implique que chaque couche de protocole s'appuie sur celles qui sont en dessous afin d'y apporter un supplément de fonctionnalité. Il en existe de plusieurs : thumb|Position de la couche réseau dans le modèle OSI et dans TCP-IP • Le « modèle de référence OSI » — OSI signifiant « Open Systems Interconnection » soit en français « Interconnexion de systèmes ouverts » — défini par l'ISO décrit ainsi sept couches empilées les unes sur les autres.