Alarm managementAlarm management is the application of human factors and ergonomics along with instrumentation engineering and systems thinking to manage the design of an alarm system to increase its usability. Most often the major usability problem is that there are too many alarms annunciated in a plant upset, commonly referred to as alarm flood (similar to an interrupt storm), since it is so similar to a flood caused by excessive rainfall input with a basically fixed drainage output capacity.
Point de défaillance uniqueUn point de défaillance unique (single point of failure ou SPOF en anglais) est un point d'un système informatique dont le reste du système est dépendant et dont une panne entraîne l'arrêt complet du système. Le point de défaillance unique a comme principale caractéristique de ne pas être protégé (redondant). Il est donc un risque pour la disponibilité du système. Dans la définition , le mot anglais single souligne le caractère unique et donc fragile du « composant ».
Interrupt latencyIn computing, interrupt latency refers to the delay between the start of an Interrupt Request (IRQ) and the start of the respective Interrupt Service Routine (ISR). For many operating systems, devices are serviced as soon as the device's interrupt handler is executed. Interrupt latency may be affected by microprocessor design, interrupt controllers, interrupt masking, and the operating system's (OS) interrupt handling methods. There is usually a trade-off between interrupt latency, throughput, and processor utilization.
Fibre optique noirevignette|équipe d'installation de fibre optique La fibre optique noire, ou fibre morte, est une fibre optique brute installée mais qui n'est pas encore activée. Elle est appelée ainsi parce qu’elle n'est pas encore alimentée par une source lumineuse. On appelle également fibre noire, ou fibre nue, une fibre louée à l'état brut à un client, c'est-à-dire que le client dispose des équipements actifs aux extrémités de la fibre et qu'aucun équipement actif de l'opérateur n'est utilisé pour la transmission.
Digital Signal 1Digital Signal 1 (DS1, sometimes DS-1) is a T-carrier signaling scheme devised by Bell Labs. DS1 is the primary digital telephone standard used in the United States, Canada and Japan and is able to transmit up to 24 multiplexed voice and data calls over telephone lines. E-carrier is used in place of T-carrier outside the United States, Canada, Japan, and South Korea. DS1 is the logical bit pattern used over a physical T1 line; in practice, the terms DS1 and T1 are often used interchangeably.
DirectSoundDirectSound is a deprecated software component of the Microsoft DirectX library for the Windows operating system, superseded by XAudio2. It provides a low-latency interface to sound card drivers written for Windows 95 through Windows XP and can handle the mixing and recording of multiple audio streams. DirectSound was originally written for Microsoft by John Miles. Besides providing the essential service of passing audio data to the sound card, DirectSound provides other essential capabilities such as recording and mixing sound, adding effects to sound (e.
