Sciencethumb|Allégorie de la Science par Jules Blanchard, située sur le parvis de l'hôtel de ville de Paris. La (du latin scientia, « connaissance », ) est dans son sens premier « la somme des connaissances » et plus spécifiquement une entreprise systématique de construction et d'organisation des connaissances sous la forme d'explications et de prédictions testables.
Nouvelles technologiesvignette|Nouvelles technologies - intelligence artificielle Les désignent des domaines très évolutifs et des techniques diverses, pouvant rendre plus accessible les rapports entre les humains et les machines : au sens large, toute la « haute technologie » ; au sens étroit, les nouvelles techniques de l'information et de la communication (TIC) (Internet, Smartphone, protocole Bluetooth...)..
Double degreeA double degree program, sometimes called a dual degree, combined degree, conjoint degree, joint degree or double graduation program, involves a student working for two university degrees —either at the same institution or at different institutions, sometimes in different countries. The two degrees might be in the same subject area, or in two different subjects. Undergraduate Brunei – Sultan Sharif Ali Islamic University Provide a double degree for Bachelor of Laws (LL.
Marxist historiographyMarxist historiography, or historical materialist historiography, is an influential school of historiography. The chief tenets of Marxist historiography include the centrality of social class, social relations of production in class-divided societies that struggle against each other, and economic constraints in determining historical outcomes (historical materialism). Marxist historians follow the tenets of the development of class-divided societies, especially modern capitalist ones.
Bachelor's degreeA bachelor's degree (from Middle Latin baccalaureus) or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin baccalaureatus) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to six years (depending on institution and academic discipline). The two most common bachelor's degrees are the Bachelor of Arts (BA) and the Bachelor of Science (BS or BSc).
Tertiary sourceA tertiary source is an index or textual consolidation of already published primary and secondary sources that does not provide additional interpretations or analysis of the sources. Some tertiary sources can be used as an aid to find key (seminal) sources, key terms, general common knowledge and established mainstream science on a topic. The exact definition of tertiary varies by academic field. Academic research standards generally do not accept tertiary sources such as encyclopedias as citations, although survey articles are frequently cited rather than the original publication.
Knowledge sharingKnowledge sharing is an activity through which knowledge (namely, information, skills, or expertise) is exchanged among people, friends, peers, families, communities (for example, Wikipedia), or within or between organizations. It bridges the individual and organizational knowledge, improving the absorptive and innovation capacity and thus leading to sustained competitive advantage of companies as well as individuals. Knowledge sharing is part of the knowledge management process.
Master's degreeA master's degree (from Latin magister) is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities or colleges upon completion of a course of study demonstrating mastery or a high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional practice. A master's degree normally requires previous study at the bachelor's level, either as a separate degree or as part of an integrated course.
Professional degreeA professional degree, formerly known in the US as a first professional degree, is a degree that prepares someone to work in a particular profession, practice, or industry sector often meeting the academic requirements for licensure or accreditation. Professional degrees may be either graduate or undergraduate entry, depending on the profession concerned and the country, and may be classified as bachelor's, master's, or doctoral degrees.
Naturevignette| en Alaska. vignette|Les grandes forces du monde physique sont habituellement considérées comme « naturelles » ; l'Homme n'a pas ou très peu de prise sur elles. vignette|Cellules cycloniques. Les phénomènes météorologiques et le climat peuvent aujourd'hui être affectés par les activités humaines. vignette|Pediastrum boryanum. Les processus naturels dépendent d'interactions complexes entre les espèces et les milieux, à toutes les échelles, de l'infiniment petit à la biosphère.
