Sucre invertiLe sucre inverti est un mélange équimolaire de glucose et de fructose obtenu par hydrolyse du saccharose. L'hydrolyse est réalisée soit par une enzyme, l'invertase, ou bien en présence d'acide : C12H22O11 (saccharose) + H2O (eau) → C6H12O6 (glucose) + C6H12O6 (fructose) Dans les boissons, l'hydrolyse par un acide (acide citrique, acide phosphorique) se produit partiellement, voire totalement, au cours du temps. Plus la boisson est acide (bas pH), plus l'hydrolyse est rapide.
Economic efficiencyIn microeconomics, economic efficiency, depending on the context, is usually one of the following two related concepts: Allocative or Pareto efficiency: any changes made to assist one person would harm another. Productive efficiency: no additional output of one good can be obtained without decreasing the output of another good, and production proceeds at the lowest possible average total cost. These definitions are not equivalent: a market or other economic system may be allocatively but not productively efficient, or productively but not allocatively efficient.
Fuel efficiencyFuel efficiency is a form of thermal efficiency, meaning the ratio of effort to result of a process that converts chemical potential energy contained in a carrier (fuel) into kinetic energy or work. Overall fuel efficiency may vary per device, which in turn may vary per application, and this spectrum of variance is often illustrated as a continuous . Non-transportation applications, such as industry, benefit from increased fuel efficiency, especially fossil fuel power plants or industries dealing with combustion, such as ammonia production during the Haber process.
