Disk controllerThe disk controller is the controller circuit which enables the CPU to communicate with a hard disk, floppy disk or other kind of disk drive. It also provides an interface between the disk drive and the bus connecting it to the rest of the system. Early disk controllers were identified by their storage methods and data encoding. They were typically implemented on a separate controller card. Modified frequency modulation (MFM) controllers were the most common type in small computers, used for both floppy disk and hard disk drives.
Write protectionWrite protection is any physical mechanism that prevents writing, modifying, or erasing data on a device. Most commercial software, audio and video on writeable media is write-protected when distributed. IBM -inch magnetic tape reels, introduced in the 1950s, had a circular groove on one side of the reel, into which a soft plastic ring had to be placed in order to write on the tape. ("No ring, no write.") Audio cassettes and VHS videocassettes have tabs on the top/rear edge that can be broken off (uncovered = protected).
Loose couplingIn computing and systems design, a loosely coupled system is one in which components are weakly associated (have breakable relationships) with each other, and thus changes in one component least affect existence or performance of another component. in which each of its components has, or makes use of, little or no knowledge of the definitions of other separate components. Subareas include the coupling of classes, interfaces, data, and services. Loose coupling is the opposite of tight coupling.
Floppy-disk controllerA floppy-disk controller (FDC) has evolved from a discrete set of components on one or more circuit boards to a special-purpose integrated circuit (IC or "chip") or a component thereof. An FDC directs and controls reading from and writing to a computer's floppy disk drive (FDD). The FDC is responsible for reading data presented from the host computer and converting it to the drive's on-disk format using one of a number of encoding schemes, like FM encoding (single density) or MFM encoding (double density), and reading those formats and returning it to its original binary values.
Single-shotIn firearm designs, the term single-shot refers to guns that can hold only a single round of ammunition inside and thus must be reloaded manually after every shot. Compared to multi-shot repeating firearms ("repeaters"), single-shot designs have no moving parts other than the trigger, hammer/firing pin or frizzen, and therefore do not need a sizable receiver behind the barrel to accommodate a moving action, making them far less complex and more robust than revolvers or magazine/belt-fed firearms, but also with much slower rates of fire.
Mécanisme à verrouDans le domaine des armes à feu, un mécanisme à verrou désigne le mécanisme d'une arme dont la culasse est située sur le canon et dont l'ouverture et la fermeture sont activées manuellement avec une petite poignée, généralement placée à droite. Après le tir, la poignée est manipulée pour ouvrir la culasse, ce qui éjecte la douille et arme le percuteur. À ce moment, une nouvelle cartouche peut être insérée avant d'effectuer l'opération inverse pour refermer le mécanisme.
Fusil à pompevignette|Fusil à pompe Remington 870. Un fusil à pompe est un fusil à magasin tubulaire (tube sous le canon) ou chargeur amovible, et à rechargement manuel. La pompe placée sous le canon peut être tirée puis ramenée en avant, pour placer une cartouche dans la chambre et éjecter la cartouche vide, s'il y en a une. Il est beaucoup plus rapide à recharger qu'une carabine à verrou et un peu plus rapide qu'un fusil à levier, car il n'exige pas que la main soit retirée de la détente tout en rechargeant.
Oracle (entreprise)Oracle (Oracle Corporation) est une entreprise américaine créée en 1977 par Larry Ellison. Ses produits phares sont le système de gestion de base de données Oracle Database, le serveur d'applications Oracle Weblogic Server, le progiciel de gestion intégré Oracle E-Business Suite et l'offre de cloud computing Oracle Cloud Infrastructure. En 2019, Oracle était la deuxième plus grande entreprise de logiciels en matière de chiffre d'affaires et de capitalisation boursière.
