Hypothèse du monde à ARNLhypothèse du monde à ARN (RNA world) est une hypothèse selon laquelle l'acide ribonucléique serait le précurseur de toutes les macromolécules biologiques et particulièrement de l'ADN et des protéines. Cette hypothèse permet une explication de l'apparition des différentes fonctions biologiques dans le cadre de l'étude des origines de la vie. L'hypothèse du monde à acide ribonucléique (ARN) est que l'ARN était la principale — et sans doute la seule — forme de vie avant l'émergence de la première cellule à ADN.
Massive parallel sequencingMassive parallel sequencing or massively parallel sequencing is any of several high-throughput approaches to DNA sequencing using the concept of massively parallel processing; it is also called next-generation sequencing (NGS) or second-generation sequencing. Some of these technologies emerged between 1993 and 1998 and have been commercially available since 2005. These technologies use miniaturized and parallelized platforms for sequencing of 1 million to 43 billion short reads (50 to 400 bases each) per instrument run.
MicroarrayA microarray is a multiplex lab-on-a-chip. Its purpose is to simultaneously detect the expression of thousands of biological interactions. It is a two-dimensional array on a solid substrate—usually a glass slide or silicon thin-film cell—that assays (tests) large amounts of biological material using high-throughput screening miniaturized, multiplexed and parallel processing and detection methods. The concept and methodology of microarrays was first introduced and illustrated in antibody microarrays (also referred to as antibody matrix) by Tse Wen Chang in 1983 in a scientific publication and a series of patents.
