Introduction to Optics: Basics and Applications

This lecture covers the fundamental concepts of optics, including quantum optics, wavy optics, and electromagnetic optics. It explains the interaction of light with atoms, interference, diffraction, polarization, and dispersion. The lecture delves into geometric optics, discussing refraction, reflection, and the visible spectrum. It also explores the principles of Fermat and the trajectory of light beams. Additionally, it examines reflection, refraction, and the use of mirrors and lenses in optical systems, focusing on parabolic and spherical mirrors, as well as the paraxial approximation. The lecture concludes with a discussion on prisms, diopters, and thin lenses, highlighting their applications in optics.