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This lecture delves into the geometric problem of duplicating the cube, exploring its equivalence to extracting a cubic root and determining a double mean proportional. The instructor explains the historical context, mathematical concepts, and the significance of Hippocrates of Kios in solving this problem. The lecture showcases ancient geometric methods, such as Architas' intricate construction, and discusses the attribution of mathematical methods to philosophers like Plato. It also touches upon the practical applications of geometric constructions in ancient warfare and architecture, highlighting the cultural and historical importance of these mathematical challenges.