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This lecture covers the syntax and schema of RDF (Resource Description Framework), explaining how RDF statements are structured using subjects, predicates, and objects. It delves into RDF syntax variations, complex values, containers, reification, and schema properties. The instructor demonstrates how to create new resources, associate resources with types, and classify RDF resources. Additionally, the lecture explores RDF schema language, including properties, classes, and meta-classes. It also discusses the use of intermediate resources, basic RDF statements, and the classification of RDF instances. The importance of RDF schema in defining relationships between resources and the classification of subjects and objects is highlighted.