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This lecture explores spatial economic models such as Von Thünen's agricultural land use model, Weber's industrial location theory, and Alonso's theory of land rent formation. It delves into the concepts of isolated states, central cities, and industrial activities, analyzing the optimization of transportation costs and location decisions. The lecture also covers the Chicago School's urban ecology model, discussing the competition for limited resources and the evolution of urban communities. Additionally, it examines gravitational models, accessibility surfaces, and the network of undetermined centers. The presentation concludes with a discussion on the limitations of quantitative models and the importance of qualitative reflections in urban studies.