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This lecture covers the historical background of the sampling theorem, mentioning key figures like Whittaker, Nyquist, Kotelnikov, Raabe, and Shannon. It explains the statement of the theorem, illustrating it with the reconstruction of a pure sinusoidal signal. Practical examples show the impact of different sampling frequencies on signal reconstruction, highlighting the importance of meeting the Nyquist criterion. The lecture concludes by discussing the ambiguity in determining the original signal frequency from sampled values. The demonstration involves proving implications based on signal bandwidth and sampling frequency, emphasizing the conditions for accurate signal reconstruction.