Probabilistic Analysis: Hiring & Birthday Paradox

This lecture covers the concepts of probabilistic analysis in algorithms, focusing on the hiring problem and the birthday paradox. It starts by discussing how randomization can help avoid worst-case scenarios and attacks in algorithms. The hiring problem is then introduced, where candidates arrive in random order, and the expected number of hires is analyzed. The lecture also delves into the birthday paradox, exploring the probability of two people sharing the same birthday in a group. Hash tables and hash functions are discussed, emphasizing the importance of efficient computation and uniform key distribution to minimize collisions.