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This lecture covers the interactions between raster layers in Geographic Information Systems, focusing on algebraic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It also explains the concept of Map Algebra and its applications in combining raster data. The lecture demonstrates the calculation of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) using Landsat images and discusses the use of relational operators and logical functions to analyze terrain properties. Practical examples include studying precipitation patterns in Burkina Faso and analyzing terrain features in Tunisia. The lecture introduces students to QGIS tools for raster data processing and emphasizes the importance of understanding raster-raster interactions in spatial analysis.