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This lecture covers the principles of microscopy, focusing on fluorescence imaging and resolution. It discusses the use of fluorophores and genetic methods for specific molecular probes, as well as the components of a fluorescence microscope. The lecture delves into the physics of light propagation, diffraction patterns, and the concept of impulse response in microscopy. It also explores the frequency response and resolution criteria in microscopy, including the Rayleigh criterion. The presentation concludes with a mention of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry awarded for achievements in super-resolved fluorescence microscopy.