Foucault Pendulum: Earth Dynamics and Material Points

This lecture covers the Foucault pendulum, demonstrated by Léon Foucault in 1851 to prove Earth's rotation. It explains the rotation of the pendulum in a fixed vertical plane and the effects of Earth's rotation on it. The lecture also delves into the forces acting on the pendulum, including apparent weight and tension, and the Coriolis force. The geometric constraints, relative acceleration, and the law of relative motion are discussed. The period of rotation and the impact of Earth's rotation on the pendulum's oscillation are explored, with numerical applications for different locations on Earth.