This lecture delves into a mathematical model of the brain, focusing on the dynamics across the cortical surface and the orientation selectivity of neurons in the visual cortex. The instructor discusses the concept of local thermal equilibrium in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and how it applies to cortical networks. The lecture also covers the response of cortical surfaces to stimuli and the dynamical models of the cortex throughout history, emphasizing the importance of consistent neuroanatomical representations in brain region networks.