Two-Body Problem: Center of Mass and Momentum

This lecture covers the application of the second law of motion to each body in a system with no external forces, leading to rectilinear motion of the center of mass. It discusses relative movement, two-body problems, and the concept of center of mass. The lecture also explores the conservation of momentum and kinetic energy in collisions between two bodies, emphasizing the importance of understanding the interaction forces and the change in total kinetic energy. Various examples and scenarios are presented to illustrate these concepts, including chemical reactions and particle collisions. The instructor explains the process of describing collisions, from the initial to the final state, and highlights the conservation laws governing momentum and energy throughout the interactions.