Heat Transfer: Equilibrium Approach and Thermodynamic Potentials

This lecture covers the review of the second part of the course, focusing on the equilibrium approach, thermodynamic potentials, and heat transfer mechanisms including conduction, convection, and radiation. It delves into the statistical interpretation of entropy and the second principle, emphasizing the equilibrium between phases, mixtures, and osmotic pressure. The lecture also discusses the precise formulation of the second principle, Carnot cycles, and the concept of entropy in ideal gases. Furthermore, it explores the relationship between entropy, disorder, and energy degradation, highlighting the importance of entropy in understanding the direction of time and the irreversible nature of real transformations.

About this result

This page is automatically generated and may contain information that is not correct, complete, up-to-date, or relevant to your search query. The same applies to every other page on this website. Please make sure to verify the information with EPFL's official sources.

Related lectures (190)

Related concepts (42)

PHYS-106(h): General physics : thermodynamics

Le but du cours de Physique générale est de donner à l'étudiant les notions de base nécessaires à la compréhension des phénomènes physiques. L'objectif est atteint lorsque l'étudiant est capable de pr

Second law of thermodynamics

The second law of thermodynamics is a physical law based on universal experience concerning heat and energy interconversions. One simple statement of the law is that heat always moves from hotter objects to colder objects (or "downhill"), unless energy in some form is supplied to reverse the direction of heat flow. Another definition is: "Not all heat energy can be converted into work in a cyclic process." The second law of thermodynamics in other versions establishes the concept of entropy as a physical property of a thermodynamic system.

Entropy

Entropy is a scientific concept, as well as a measurable physical property, that is most commonly associated with a state of disorder, randomness, or uncertainty. The term and the concept are used in diverse fields, from classical thermodynamics, where it was first recognized, to the microscopic description of nature in statistical physics, and to the principles of information theory.

Entropy (classical thermodynamics)

In classical thermodynamics, entropy () is a property of a thermodynamic system that expresses the direction or outcome of spontaneous changes in the system. The term was introduced by Rudolf Clausius in the mid-19th century to explain the relationship of the internal energy that is available or unavailable for transformations in form of heat and work. Entropy predicts that certain processes are irreversible or impossible, despite not violating the conservation of energy.

Temperature

Temperature is a physical quantity that expresses quantitatively the perceptions of hotness and coldness. Temperature is measured with a thermometer. Thermometers are calibrated in various temperature scales that historically have relied on various reference points and thermometric substances for definition. The most common scales are the Celsius scale with the unit symbol °C (formerly called centigrade), the Fahrenheit scale (°F), and the Kelvin scale (K), the latter being used predominantly for scientific purposes.

Thermodynamic equilibrium

Thermodynamic equilibrium is an axiomatic concept of thermodynamics. It is an internal state of a single thermodynamic system, or a relation between several thermodynamic systems connected by more or less permeable or impermeable walls. In thermodynamic equilibrium, there are no net macroscopic flows of matter nor of energy within a system or between systems. In a system that is in its own state of internal thermodynamic equilibrium, no macroscopic change occurs.

Thermodynamics and Energetics I ME-251: Thermodynamics and energetics I

Delves into thermodynamics, entropy, and isentropic efficiencies of components like turbines and compressors.

Thermodynamics and Energetics I: Carnot Efficiency ME-251: Thermodynamics and energetics I

Explores Carnot efficiency, irreversibilities, and the second law of thermodynamics in thermodynamic cycles.

Thermodynamics: Entropy and Ideal Gases ME-251: Thermodynamics and energetics I

Explores entropy, ideal gases, and TDS equations in thermodynamics, emphasizing the importance of the Clausius inequality and the Carnot cycle.

Untitled PHYS-106(i): General physics : thermodynamics

Thermodynamics: Fundamentals and Applications

Covers the fundamental principles of thermodynamics, including the first and second laws, entropy, thermodynamic potentials, and phase transitions.