This lecture covers anonymous communication systems, attribute-based credentials, and other privacy-enhancing technologies. It explores the abstract model of anonymous communications, bitwise unlinkability, and the Tor network's onion routing. The instructor discusses low and high latency systems, the volume of cells, and the difference between anonymous communication networks and VPNs. Additionally, it delves into attribute-based credentials at the application layer and examples of other privacy-enhancing technologies like private set intersection and blind signatures.