Chemical Potential and Thermodynamic Functions in Mixtures

This lecture discusses the variations of chemical potential and thermodynamic functions in mixtures, focusing on the Gibbs-Helmholtz relations and the implications of standard conditions. The instructor explains the significance of mixing entropy and free enthalpy for ideal gases, as well as the differences between real gases and ideal gases. The lecture covers the concept of fugacity and its role in determining chemical potential in real gas mixtures. The instructor also elaborates on the equilibrium between phases, emphasizing the conditions under which phase transitions occur. The mathematical framework is introduced, including the use of Lagrange multipliers to solve equations related to chemical potentials. The lecture concludes with a discussion on the importance of understanding how changes in pressure and temperature affect the chemical potential and the overall behavior of mixtures. This comprehensive overview provides students with a solid foundation in thermodynamics as it applies to chemical systems.