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This lecture covers the field of cavity quantum optomechanics, focusing on manipulating light and matter at the nano-, micro-, and macroscale. Starting with early questions on the nature of radiation, it progresses to quantum optics and recent experimental demonstrations. The lecture explores new applications such as quantum transducers and microwave-to-optics conversion, linking quantum computers. It delves into on-chip signal processing, precision searches for new physics, and testing quantum gravity. The foundations of macroscopic quantum physics are discussed, including quantum superposition of massive objects. Cavity quantum optomechanics enables chip-scale technologies, unprecedented sensing capabilities, and opens new avenues for fundamental physics.