Comprehensive analysis of noise sources in photocharge detectors leads to two novel, compact pixel circuits for ultra-low-noise light detection using optimum bandwidth engineering. A synchronous 4T CMOS image sensor pixel with in-pixel amplification reaches 0.9e- readout noise, 1.5e- overall noise and 300μV/e- pixel conversion factor. An asynchronous 6T pixel for time-resolved pulse detection shows an amplitude noise of 12e-.
Haitham Al Hassanieh, Jiaming Wang, Junfeng Guan