Publication

Effect of Surface Charge on Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization from Cellulose Nanocrystals in Aqueous Media

Harm-Anton Klok, Justin Orazio Zoppe, Xingyu Xu
2016
Journal paper

Abstract

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with different charge densities were utilized to examine the role of electrostatic interactions on surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) in aqueous media. To this end, growth of hydrophilic uncharged poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAM) brushes was monitored by electrophoresis, H-1 NMR spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Molecular weight and polydispersity of PDMAM brushes was determined by GPC analysis of hydrolytically cleaved polymers. Initiator and polymer brush grafting densities, and thus, initiator efficiencies were derived from elemental analysis. Higher initiator efficiency of polymer brush growth was observed for CNCs with higher anionic surface sulfate half-ester group density, but at the expense of high polydispersity caused by inefficient deactivation. PDMAM grafts with number-average molecular weights up to 530 kDa and polydispersity indices

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/record/219329?ln=en

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Ontological neighbourhood

Chemistry

Organic chemistry: Polymer chemistry

Related concepts (32)

Radical polymerization

In polymer chemistry, free-radical polymerization (FRP) is a method of polymerization by which a polymer forms by the successive addition of free-radical building blocks (repeat units). Free radicals can be formed by a number of different mechanisms, usually involving separate initiator molecules. Following its generation, the initiating free radical adds (nonradical) monomer units, thereby growing the polymer chain. Free-radical polymerization is a key synthesis route for obtaining a wide variety of different polymers and materials composites.

Polymer

A polymer (ˈpɒlᵻmər; Greek poly-, "many" + -mer, "part") is a substance or material consisting of very large molecules called macromolecules, composed of many repeating subunits. Due to their broad spectrum of properties, both synthetic and natural polymers play essential and ubiquitous roles in everyday life. Polymers range from familiar synthetic plastics such as polystyrene to natural biopolymers such as DNA and proteins that are fundamental to biological structure and function.

Copolymer

In polymer chemistry, a copolymer is a polymer derived from more than one species of monomer. The polymerization of monomers into copolymers is called copolymerization. Copolymers obtained from the copolymerization of two monomer species are sometimes called bipolymers. Those obtained from three and four monomers are called terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Copolymers can be characterized by a variety of techniques such as NMR spectroscopy and size-exclusion chromatography to determine the molecular size, weight, properties, and composition of the material.

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