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Three-dimensional phase-field study of grain coarsening and grain shape accommodation in the final stage of liquid-phase sintering

Liesbeth Maria L Vanherpe
2017
Journal paper
Abstract

A 3-dimensional phase-field model is implemented to simulate the grain evolution in the final stage of liquid-phase sintering. The model considers a liquid phase and a polycrystalline solid phase. Results for varying ratios of the solid-solid interface energy to solid-liquid interface energy and varying solid volume fractions are presented. A variety of microstructures, from fully connected grain structures with liquid pockets at the grain junctions to individual grains fully wetted by the liquid matrix, is seen. The 3 main mechanisms for particle shape accommodation, namely, contact flattening, Ostwald ripening and particle bonding, are reproduced in the simulations. The solid volume fraction, particle size distribution, contiguity, connectivity, particle-particle contact areas and the number of particle contacts per particle are measured as a function of time. The exponent in the power growth law varies between 2.4, for the fully connected grain structures, and 3, for the completely wetted grains. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Related concepts (32)
Phase transition
In chemistry, thermodynamics, and other related fields, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter have uniform physical properties. During a phase transition of a given medium, certain properties of the medium change as a result of the change of external conditions, such as temperature or pressure.
Grain growth
In materials science, grain growth is the increase in size of grains (crystallites) in a material at high temperature. This occurs when recovery and recrystallisation are complete and further reduction in the internal energy can only be achieved by reducing the total area of grain boundary. The term is commonly used in metallurgy but is also used in reference to ceramics and minerals. The behaviors of grain growth is analogous to the coarsening behaviors of grains, which implied that both of grain growth and coarsening may be dominated by the same physical mechanism.
Liquid
A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a nearly constant volume independent of pressure. It is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, gas, and plasma), and is the only state with a definite volume but no fixed shape. The density of a liquid is usually close to that of a solid, and much higher than that of a gas. Therefore, liquid and solid are both termed condensed matter.
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