Publication

Novel district heating and cooling energy network using CO2 as a heat and mass transfer fluid

Abstract

Compact district energy networks in a temperature range of 10 to 16°C have a great potential for energy savings by providing a heat source for decentralized heating heat pumps, a cold source for air-conditioning and a heat sink for refrigeration or cogeneration units. The energy balance of the network is done by a central plant equipped with a heating heat pump for Winter operation and a heat dissipater for Summer operation. They typically facilitate the synergy between users and allow the concept of a city without chimneys or cooling towers in the various buildings. One such concept is based on using the latent heat of the transfer fluid (CO2),with one saturated CO2 vapor pipe and one saturated CO2 liquid pipe, in which the flow is bidirectional in the function of the predominance of the heating or cooling demands. While the concept has already been published this paper discusses some of the potential dynamic phenomena as well as further extension to allow those networks to collect CO2 from hybrid decentralized SOFC-GT cogeneration systems for either further disposal, use or contribution to power to gas concepts. Additional extensions to using reversible supercritical CO2 heat pump or ORC is also mentioned. A reminder of the technico-economic results obtained on the actual demands of an existing district is also done including the evaluation of the uncertainty margins.

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Related concepts (32)
Heat pump
A heat pump is a device that uses work to transfer heat from a cool space to a warm space by transferring thermal energy using a refrigeration cycle, cooling the cool space and warming the warm space. In cold weather a heat pump can move heat from the cool outdoors to warm a house; the pump may also be designed to move heat from the house to the warmer outdoors in warm weather. As they transfer heat rather than generating heat, they are more energy-efficient than other ways of heating a home.
Heat pipe
A heat pipe is a heat-transfer device that employs phase transition to transfer heat between two solid interfaces. At the hot interface of a heat pipe, a volatile liquid in contact with a thermally conductive solid surface turns into a vapor by absorbing heat from that surface. The vapor then travels along the heat pipe to the cold interface and condenses back into a liquid, releasing the latent heat. The liquid then returns to the hot interface through capillary action, centrifugal force, or gravity and the cycle repeats.
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