Industrial espionage

Industrial espionage, economic espionage, corporate spying, or corporate espionage is a form of espionage conducted for commercial purposes instead of purely national security. While political espionage is conducted or orchestrated by governments and is international in scope, industrial or corporate espionage is more often national and occurs between companies or corporations. Economic or industrial espionage takes place in two main forms. In short, the purpose of espionage is to gather knowledge about one or more organizations. It may include the acquisition of intellectual property, such as information on industrial manufacture, ideas, techniques and processes, recipes and formulas. Or it could include sequestration of proprietary or operational information, such as that on customer datasets, pricing, sales, marketing, research and development, policies, prospective bids, planning or marketing strategies or the changing compositions and locations of production. It may describe activities such as theft of trade secrets, bribery, blackmail and technological surveillance. As well as orchestrating espionage on commercial organizations, governments can also be targets – for example, to determine the terms of a tender for a government contract. Economic and industrial espionage is most commonly associated with technology-heavy industries, including computer software and hardware, biotechnology, aerospace, telecommunications, transportation and engine technology, automobiles, machine tools, energy, materials and coatings and so on. Silicon Valley is known to be one of the world's most targeted areas for espionage, though any industry with information of use to competitors may be a target. Information can make the difference between success and failure; if a trade secret is stolen, the competitive playing field is leveled or even tipped in favor of a competitor. Although a lot of information-gathering is accomplished legally through competitive intelligence, at times corporations feel the best way to get information is to take it.

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Cyber spying

Cyber spying, cyber espionage, or cyber-collection is the act or practice of obtaining secrets and information without the permission and knowledge of the holder of the information using methods on the Internet, networks or individual computers through the use of proxy servers, cracking techniques and malicious software including Trojan horses and spyware. Cyber espionage can be used to target various actors- individuals, competitors, rivals, groups, governments, and others- in order to obtain personal, economic, political or military advantages.

National security

National security, or national defence, is the security and defence of a sovereign state, including its citizens, economy, and institutions, which is regarded as a duty of government. Originally conceived as protection against military attack, national security is widely understood to include also non-military dimensions, such as the security from terrorism, minimization of crime, economic security, energy security, environmental security, food security, and cyber-security.

PRISM

PRISM is a code name for a program under which the United States National Security Agency (NSA) collects internet communications from various U.S. internet companies. The program is also known by the SIGAD US-984XN. PRISM collects stored internet communications based on demands made to internet companies such as Google LLC under Section 702 of the FISA Amendments Act of 2008 to turn over any data that match court-approved search terms.

Healthy Operator 4.0: A Human Cyber-Physical System Architecture for Smart Workplaces

Xiaochen Zheng

Recent advances in technology have empowered the widespread application of cyber-physical systems in manufacturing and fostered the Industry 4.0 paradigm. In the factories of the future, it is possible that all items, including operators, will be equipped ...

2020

Dynamic NoC buffer allocation for MPSoC timing side channel attack protection

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Multi-Processors Systems-on-Chip (MPSoCs), as a key technology enabler of the new computation paradigm Internet-of-Things (IoT), are exposed to attacks. Malicious applications can be downloaded at runtime to the MPSoC, infect IPs and open doors to perform ...

IEEE2016

Malicious Traffic Detection in Local Networks with Snort

Loïc Etienne

Snort is an open source Network Intrusion Detection System combining the benefits of signature, protocol and anomaly based inspection and is considered to be the most widely de- ployed IDS/IPS technology worldwide. However, Snort's deployment in a large co ...

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Espionage and Security: Insights and Examples

Explores espionage cases, intelligence activities, and surveillance systems, emphasizing security implications and potential targets for espionage.

Secret Services: Espionage and Security

Explores the history of espionage in Switzerland, the role of intelligence services, and various espionage activities, including industrial espionage.

Internet Capsules: Security and Privacy

Covers internet security, privacy, TLS, blocking, filtering, surveillance, and espionage.