Latin conjugation | EPFL Graph Search

In linguistics and grammar, conjugation has two basic meanings. One meaning is the creation of derived forms of a verb from basic forms, or principal parts. The second meaning of the word conjugation is a group of verbs which all have the same pattern of inflections. Thus all those Latin verbs which in the present tense have 1st singular -ō, 2nd singular -ās, and infinitive -āre are said to belong to the 1st conjugation, those with 1st singular -eō, 2nd singular -ēs and infinitive -ēre belong to the 2nd conjugation, and so on. The number of conjugations of regular verbs is usually said to be four. The word "conjugation" comes from the Latin coniugātiō, a calque of the Greek συζυγία (syzygia), literally "yoking together (horses into a team)". For examples of verbs and verb groups for each inflectional class, see the Wiktionary appendix pages for first conjugation, second conjugation, third conjugation, and fourth conjugation. The ancient Romans themselves, beginning with Varro (1st century BC), originally divided their verbs into three conjugations (coniugationes verbis accidunt tres: prima, secunda, tertia "there are three different conjugations for verbs: the first, second, and third" (Donatus), 4th century AD), according to whether the ending of the 2nd person singular had an a, an e or an i in it. However, others, such as Sacerdos (3rd century AD), Dositheus (4th century AD) and Priscian (c. 500 AD), recognised four different groups. In modern times grammarians generally recognise four conjugations according to the ending of the active infinitive: namely -āre, -ēre, -ere, or -īre, for example: (1) amō, amāre "to love", (2) videō, vidēre "to see", (3) regō, regere "to rule" and capiō, capere "to capture", (4) audiō, audīre "to hear". (3rd conjugation verbs ending in -iō such as capiō are sometimes known as "mixed conjugation" since they use a mixture of 3rd and 4th conjugation endings.) In addition to regular verbs, which belong to one or other of the four regular conjugations, there are also a few irregular verbs, which have a different pattern of endings.

"Les Sureaux", une rencontre intergénérationnelle au coeur d'Arbaz (VS)

Hugo Bonvin

La vie pastorale a longtemps rythmé la vie des habitants des villages alpins valaisans, façonnant ainsi leur caractère bâti particulier et aménageant le paysage, de la plaine jusqu’aux plus hauts alpages. L’évolution au cours du siècle dernier qui a engendré la modernité provoque un rapide déclin de l’attractivité de l’agriculture. Les constructions agricoles perdent peu à peu leur utilité, se vident et donnent souvent un air fantomatique à l’atmosphère qui règne au cœur de ces villages. Pourtant, cet important patrimoine vernaculaire peut être revalorisé. Le projet concerne deux granges-écuries et une ancienne maison d’habitation qui accueillent désormais une nurserie, une crèche, une UAPE et des appartements protégés. En leur centre naît un espace commun multifonctionnel. L’intervention se résume aux deux murs courbes qui connectent les trois bâtiments autour d’un cœur unique, dans lequel se retrouvent les différents âges de la vie. Ces murs hiérarchisent les différents espaces aussi bien intérieurs qu’extérieurs, en soulignant l’existant et en promouvant la rencontre et le partage intergénérationnels. La densification des villages de montagne devient ici une opportunité de redonner vie aux anciennes constructions rurales. Tout en conservant leur identité et leur mémoire, l’intégration de programmes attractifs génère de nouveaux espaces communs conçus pour les besoins futurs.

2020

Motion Lab: A Mat lab Toolbox for Extracting and Processing Experimental Motion Capture Data for Neuromuscular Simulations

Daniel Thalmann, Anders Sandholm

During the last years several neuromuscular simulation platforms have been developed, from commercial tools to open-source based solutions to pure in-house solutions which are not public available. A major problem in running neuromuscular simulations in an ...

Springer-Verlag New York, Ms Ingrid Cunningham, 175 Fifth Ave, New York, Ny 10010 Usa2009