Organic redox reaction

Organic reductions or organic oxidations or organic redox reactions are redox reactions that take place with organic compounds. In organic chemistry oxidations and reductions are different from ordinary redox reactions, because many reactions carry the name but do not actually involve electron transfer. Instead the relevant criterion for organic oxidation is gain of oxygen and/or loss of hydrogen, respectively. Simple functional groups can be arranged in order of increasing oxidation state. The oxidation numbers are only an approximation: When methane is oxidized to carbon dioxide its oxidation number changes from −4 to +4. Classical reductions include alkene reduction to alkanes and classical oxidations include oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes. In oxidations electrons are removed and the electron density of a molecule is reduced. In reductions electron density increases when electrons are added to the molecule. This terminology is always centered on the organic compound. For example, it is usual to refer to the reduction of a ketone by lithium aluminium hydride, but not to the oxidation of lithium aluminium hydride by a ketone. Many oxidations involve removal of hydrogen atoms from the organic molecule, and reduction adds hydrogens to an organic molecule. Many reactions classified as reductions also appear in other classes. For instance, conversion of the ketone to an alcohol by lithium aluminium hydride can be considered a reduction but the hydride is also a good nucleophile in nucleophilic substitution. Many redox reactions in organic chemistry have coupling reaction reaction mechanism involving free radical intermediates. True organic redox chemistry can be found in electrochemical organic synthesis or electrosynthesis. Examples of organic reactions that can take place in an electrochemical cell are the Kolbe electrolysis. In disproportionation reactions the reactant is both oxidised and reduced in the same chemical reaction forming two separate compounds.

Metal-Free Molecular Catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Electron Affinity as an Activity Descriptor

Juliette Veronique Schleicher, Ganna Gryn'ova

Heteroatom-doped polyaromatic hydrocarbons (or nanographenes) are promising molecular electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Here, we use density functional theory to investigate the first step of the ORR pathway (chemisorption) for a se ...

AMER CHEMICAL SOC2023

Divergent Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (−)‐Voacafricines A and B

Qian Wang, Jieping Zhu, Rémi Julien Sylvain Andres

A divergent asymmetric total synthesis of voacafricines A and B, hexacyclic monoterpene indole alkaloids, has been accomplished featuring the following key steps: a)a catalyst-controlled asymmetric Pictet– Spengler reaction of 6-methoxytryptamine with a ch ...

2023

The Mn(VII)-H2O2 oxidation process: Abatement of electron-deficient N-containing organic compounds

Metal-Free Molecular Catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Electron Affinity as an Activity Descriptor

Divergent Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (−)‐Voacafricines A and B

Metal-Free Molecular Catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Electron Affinity as an Activity Descriptor

The Mn(VII)-H2O2 oxidation process: Abatement of electron-deficient N-containing organic compounds

Divergent Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (−)‐Voacafricines A and B