Conversations regarding the ethics of eating meat are focused on whether or not it is moral to eat non-human animals. Ultimately, this is a debate that has been ongoing for millennia, and it remains one of the most prominent topics in food ethics.
Individuals who promote meat consumption do so for a number of reasons, such as health, cultural traditions, religious beliefs, and scientific arguments that support the practice and generally argue that making a meat-free diet a social goal for all would be wrong because it fails to consider the individual nutritional needs of humans at various stages of life, fails to account for biological differences between the sexes, ignores the reality of human evolution, ignores various cultural considerations, or because it would limit the adaptability of the human species. Some scientific studies have pushed back against this, calling into question the impact of meat consumption on shaping the evolution of the human species. People who do not promote meat consumption but eat meat anyway often do so because they feel that eliminating it from their diet would be difficult and fruitless as the animals are already dead, though this argument overlooks the principle that demand for a product affects its supply.
People who abstain from eating meat are generally known as "vegetarians". They avoid meat for various reasons such as taste preferences, religion, animal welfare, the environmental impact of meat production (environmental vegetarianism), health considerations, and antimicrobial resistance. Vegans also abstain from other animal products, such as dairy products and eggs, for similar reasons.
"Ethical omnivores" are individuals who object to the practices underlying the production of meat, as opposed to the act of consuming meat itself. In this respect, many people who abstain from certain kinds of meat eating and animal products do not take issue with meat consumption in general, provided that the meat and animal products are produced in a specific manner.
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The course will deliver basic knowledge on the principles of food fermentation and enzyme technology. The course will also present benefits that food biotechnology can bring in terms of Nutrition & He
L'objectif du cours est de donner aux étudiant-e-s des outils d'analyse critique en vue d'un jugement éthique éclairé sur une question controversée. L'apprentissage porte sur l'identification des argu
An economic vegetarian is a person who practices vegetarianism from either the philosophical viewpoint that the consumption of meat is expensive, part of a conscious simple living strategy or just because of necessity. In the developing world, where large numbers of poor people might not be averse to eating meat, they are regularly forced to not eat it, since meat can often be a luxury. Economic vegetarians believe that nutrition can be acquired more efficiently and at a lower price through vegetables, grains, etc.
The practice of vegetarianism is strongly linked with a number of religious traditions worldwide. These include religions that originated in India, such as Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, and Sikhism. With close to 85% of India's billion-plus population practicing these religions, India remains the country with the highest number of vegetarians in the world. In Jainism, vegetarianism is mandatory for everyone; in Hinduism, Mahayana Buddhism and it is promoted by scriptures and religious authorities but not mandatory.
Environmental vegetarianism is the practice of vegetarianism that is motivated by the desire to create a sustainable diet, which avoids the negative environmental impact of meat production. Livestock as a whole is estimated to be responsible for around 15% of global greenhouse gas emissions. As a result, significant reduction in meat consumption has been advocated by, among others, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in their 2019 special report and as part of the 2017 World Scientists' Warning to Humanity.
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Current Biology Ltd2024
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Food consumption in Switzerland is the activity with the largest environmental impact, which also contributes significantly to rising health costs. Therefore, it is a crucial societal aim to better understand the drivers and barriers to healthy and sustain ...
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